In this study, a landscape epidemiologic approach, combined with geographic information system and remote sensing techniques, was applied to increase our understanding of hfrs due to hantaan virus and its relationship with. Dna vaccine for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Hantaan virus and its related strains, seoul virus and puulmala virus, cause korean hemorrhagic fever more correctly, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, a condition in which the capillaries of the circulatory system begin to leak blood. In russia, 1,590 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by 6 different hantaviruses were reported during 20002017. At least 14 distinct viral strains of hfrscausing viruses are distributed worldwide. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome disease churilov, tula fever refers to the natural focal viral diseases, which are rodents wild and live in cities. Molecular diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by. In the case of hfrs, symptoms develop within one or two months after coming in contact with the virus. Drug treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
It was described prior to ww ii in manchuria along the amur river. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome can masquerade. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is a zoonosis caused by different species of hantavirus hv. The species that cause hfrs include hantaan orthohantavirus, dobravabelgrade orthohantavirus, saaremaa virus, seoul. Severe forms, such as those involving dobrava virus or hantaan virus. Epidemiology and pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal. Current routine diagnostic methods are based on serological analyses and can yield. Cdc hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs hantavirus. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, russia volume 25. Lujo hemorrhagic fever luhf marburg hemorrhagic fever. Of the 422 patients with hfrs investigated in this study, 58 patients were found to be infected by puumala virus, whereas as many as 364 were infected by dobravabelgrade virus dobv. Oct 04, 2018 hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome hfrs occurs mainly in europe and asia and is characterized by fever and renal failure associated with hemorrhagic manifestations. Hantaan virus htnv causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs, which is a zoonosis endemic in eastern asia, especially in china.
Mapping the epidemic changes and risks of hemorrhagic fever. Author summary the prevalence of hfrs was on the rise in recent years, especially in the large and mediumsized cities in china. Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever ahf chapare hemorrhagic fever chhf crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever cchf nairovirus infection ebola virus disease evd hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps kyasanur forest disease kfd lassa fever. Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome definition of. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs, caused by different hantaviruses, is a distinct clinical syndrome endemic in several parts of asia and europe. Prevalence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome what is the estimated number of patients affected by the condition. The area of distribution of the virus fareastern region, the urals, tver, moscow, tula and other regions of the country. Hfrs presents with sudden fever, chills, nausea, headache, and backache.
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hantavirus zoonotic infection characterized by thrombohemorrhagic syndrome and primary renal disease. This disease was first described in the 1930s as hemorrhagic nephrosonephritis in far eastern russia and tula fever in european russia. Jun 06, 2016 tickborne encephalitis tbe venezuelan hemorrhagic fever. Dna vaccine for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome techlink. Balkan hemorrhagic fever, a severe type of hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome observed in balkan countries, is caused by the dobrava virus and is transmitted by the infected a flavicollis mouse yellownecked field mouse. Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with. Current routine diagnostic methods are based on serological. Hfrs in china has accounted for more than 90% of cases. Hemorrhagic fever virus with renal syndrome competently.
This is the most common disease due to hantaviruses. Easton, in the laboratory rat second edition, 2006. Hantaan htnv, seoul seov, dobrava dobv, and puumala puuv. Dec 27, 2018 known also as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, tick and mosquito.
Viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of illnesses caused by four families of viruses. Death can occur due to vascular leakage leading to low blood pressure, acute shock, and renal failure. Like sepsis, hfrs has general pathophysiologic characteristics of systemic inflammatory response syndrome sirs, while it also has unique clinical progresses usually through febrile, hypotensive, oliguric, diuretic and. Read more about symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, complications, causes and prognosis. What determines the survival w viral hemorrhagic fevers. Laboratory rat associated outbreak of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome due to hantaanlike virus in belgium. Annually, 10,00012,000 clinical cases of puumala virus puuv and. Pdf viral hemorrhagic fevers in india researchgate. The ebola virus is a notorious cause of epidemic hemorrhagic fever. Clinical characterization of two severe cases of hemorrhagic. Author summary hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is a.
It was first recognized in northeastern china in 1931 and has been prevalent in many other parts of china since 1955. In this study, we analyzed the epirelated changes in age distribution in reported cases of hfrs and proposed new recommendations for prevention. Hfrs includes diseases such as korean hemorrhagic fever, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, and nephropathia epidemica. Outbreak of acute illness southwestern united states, 1993 preliminary trials of inactivated vaccine against haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Role of tlymphocyte subset in protection and recovery from hantaan virus. Hfrs was first linked to hantavirus in 1978 in korea. In russia, the zoonotic virus infection with the highest morbidity rate is hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs. These viruses include seoul virus, korean hemorrhagic fever, and hantaan virus leduc, 1989. Molecular diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
On the flip side, late symptoms are reduced blood pressure, acute shock, vascular leakage, and acute kidney failure. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is an important public health problem in the peoples republic of china, accounting for 90% of human cases reported globally. Asian and european hantaviruses cause an illness known as viral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs. Centers for disease control and prevention, national center for emerging and zoonotic infectious diseases ncezid, division of highconsequence pathogens and pathology dhcpp, viral special pathogens branch vspb arenaviruses plus icon. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome definition of. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs, characterized by fever, hemorrhage, kidney damage, and hypotension, is an important infectious disease that is mainly caused by hantaan orthohantavirus htnv and seoul orthohantavirus seov. List of vhf diseases viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs cdc. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is caused by distinct virus species pertaining to the family of bunyaviridae. Meteorological factors and risk of hemorrhagic fever with. Changes in age distribution of hemorrhagic fever with renal. Blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were elevated in patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by hantaan virus and seoul virus, while huaiyangshan hemorrhagic fever virus infected patients were found to have leukopenia and increased creatine kinase and alanine aminotransferase alt. Various rodent species are natural hosts and serve as sources of infection 1.
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs, a seriously global threat for public health, is caused by hantaviruses hvs in the bunyaviridae family and is characterized by fever, acute renal. The study of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome has been mentioned in research publications which can be found using our bioinformatics tool below. Puumala virus puuv is the most common causative agent of hfrs in europe. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus listed as hfrsv. The main manifestation of hfrs, including acute kidney injury, increases vascular permeability, and coagulation abnormalities. Role of maternal antibody in protection from hemorrhagic fever with. Analyzing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in hubei. Hfrs from dobrava virus dobv is a seldom reported disease in albania. Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome last updated november 18, 2019. However, the clinical picture can sometimes be indistinguishable from that of other infectious or noninfectious diseases.
Htnv is an enveloped virus, with a negativesense rna genome, which. Known also as hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Clinical severity of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs and crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever cchf varies greatly from a mild, nonspecific febrile illness to a severe form of the disease with hemorrhaging and. Hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome workup. Research of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome has been linked to hemorrhagic fevers, viral, hantavirus infections, nephropathia epidemica, infective disorder, virus diseases. Hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome is caused by an airborne contact with secretions from rodent hosts infected with the group of viruses belonging to the. Peaks in spring and fallwinter were caused by hantaan and seoul viruses, respectively. Virusinfected ecs be cleared by virusspecific ctls leading to vascular damage. About 150,000 cases of hfrs are thought to occur annually worldwide.
In korea, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs was first reported in a united nations soldier stationed in the central front, also known as the iron triangle. In 1980, this novel virus was named hantaan virus after the hantaan river. Epidemic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal. Mar 30, 2020 hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs, which is caused by hantaan, puumala, seoul, and dobravabelgrade viruses htnv, puuv, seov, and dobv, respectively is acquired primarily through. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is a systemic infectious disease caused by hantaviruses and characterized by fevers, bleeding tendencies, gastrointestinal symptoms and renal failure. The viruses that cause hfrs include hantaan, dobrava, saaremaa, seoul, and puumala. Molecular diagnostics of hemorrhagic fever with renal. Viral hemorrhagic fevers are defined as a group of illnesses caused by different families of viruses that cause vascular damage that results in symptomatic bleeding hemorrhage.
Hemorrhagic fever w renal failure syndrome hfrs where odes hfrs occur. Dhf with signs of circulatory failure narrow pp hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is a group of clinically similar illnesses caused by species of hantaviruses from the family hantaviridae, in the order bunyavirales. Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is an acute interstitial nephropathy characterized by high fever and varying degrees of renal insufficiency and hemorrhage. Hantaan and closely related viruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs, also known as korean hemorrhagic fever or epidemic hemorrhagic fever. At the time of designation, haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome affected approximately 3. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs, a rodentborne disease caused by hantaviruses family bunyaviridae, is characterized by fever, acute renal dysfunction, and hemorrhage manifestations. Treatment of hemorrhagic fever with kidney syndrome is carried out in the initial period, in the first 35 days. Author summary dobrava virus dobv, puumala virus puuv and crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever virus cchfv are important causative agents of viral hemorrhagic fevers. Dobrava virus rna load in patients who have hemorrhagic fever.
Hemorrhagic fever article about hemorrhagic fever by the. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, zibo city, china. Other hosts range over continents, such as the rodents that carry viruses which cause various forms of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps in north and south america, or the different set of rodents that carry viruses which cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs in europe and asia. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs has been a major. Rodent hosts were the striped field mouse for hantaan virus and the brown rat and house mouse for seoul virus. Hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome is caused by an airborne contact with secretions from rodent hosts infected with the group of viruses belonging to the g. Study on expression of plasma scd8 in patients with. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is an acute serious infectious disease characterized by systemic lesions of small vessels, hemorrhagic diathesis, hemodynamic disorders and peculiar kidney damage interstitial nephritis with the development of acute renal failure the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome belongs to the genus hantavirus of the family bunyaviridae. Viral hemorrhagic fever facts by charles patrick davis, md, phd. Because sfts has similar clinical manifestations and epidemic characters such as spatial and temporal distributions with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Rodentborne hantaviruses cause two severe acute diseases. Meteorological data were obtained from the guangzhou meteorological bureau. Mapping the epidemic changes and risks of hemorrhagic.
Hfrs is a zoonosis mainly caused by hantaan virus htnv and. Landscape elements and hantaan virusrelated hemorrhagic. Not natural reservoir can transmit the virus to one another outbreaks sporadically. Early symptoms of severe hfrs often also include facial flushing, conjunctivitis, and petechial rash. It is also known as korean hemorrhagic fever and epidemic hemorrhagic fever.
A hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. As a rodentborne disease caused by hantavirus, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs usually manifest fever, hypotension, hemorrhage and kidney injury 1, 2. A large outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs occurred in the winter of 20062007 in a region southeast of moscow in central european russia. The family bunyaviridae include the causative agents of hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hvhfrs, the crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever cchf virus from the genus nairovirus, garissa virus and ilesha virus from the orthobunyavirus and the rift valley fever rvf virus from the genus phlebovirus. Hantaviruses are the major causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs in humans, which is characterized by increased capillary permeability. Epidemiology and pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Many arboviruses including those in the families togaviridae, flaviviridae, filoviridae, and bunyaviridae and the hantaviruses, spread by rodents or biting insects, can cause epidemic hemorrhagic fever. World prevalence rates of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome article about. Haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome allied academies. Puumala virus puuv is the major hfrscausing hantavirus in europe 2. Molecular diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal.
Uk 2 death statistics for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs hantavirus cdc. In this report we describe a clinical case, which is a rare occurrence but is a prime example of the difficulties in. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome sfts is an emerging viral hemorrhagic fever with a high fatality rate and high frequency of persontoperson transmission and is caused by sftsv, a tickborne phlebovirus. In 1976, professor ho wang lee discovered an antigen in the lung and kidney tissues of apodemus agrarius. This means that hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, or a subtype of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, affects less than 200,000 people in the us population. Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome wikipedia. Viral hemorrhagic fever, any of a variety of highly fatal viral diseases that are characterized by massive external or internal bleeding or bleeding into the skin. To asses the role of virus load in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, the serum dobrava virus rna load in 46 patients was measured with a novel quantitative realtime reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reacion assay and compared to the disease severity.
A few hosts are distributed nearly worldwide, such. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs has been a major epidemic mainly in. Although the mortality rate for dengue fever is lower than some other viruses, at 2. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs, characterized by fever, hemorrhage, kidney damage and hypotension, is an important infectious disease caused by different species of hantaviruses including hantaan virus htnv, seoul virus seov, puumala virus puuv 3,4 and dobravabelgrade virus dobvbgdv. Clinical manifestations include acute fever, hemorrhagic rash, bleeding, interstitial nephritis, in severe cases, acute renal failure. Statistics for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. The reservoir host of htnv is field mouse apodemus agraricus. These illnesses typically develop within 1 to 2 weeks of exposure sometimes later and are characterized by acute fever, severe headache, blurred vision, and nausea. There are major geographical differences in prevalence and severity, with the disease being a major public health concern in east asia. Nov 14, 2016 saksida a, duh d, korva m, avsiczupanc t. Jan 15, 2018 hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs, a seriously global threat for public health, is caused by hantaviruses hvs in the bunyaviridae family and is characterized by fever, acute renal.
Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is a group of clinically similar illnesses caused by species of hantaviruses from the family hantaviridae, in the order bunyavirales. Definition of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus how is. Dobrava virus rna load in patients who have hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. A negative binomial multivariable regression was used. Like dobrava virus, hantaan virus has a mortality rate of 10 to 12. Dentin matrix protein 1 dmp1 has been shown to degrade components of the basal membrane and interendothelial junctions via matrix metalloproteinase9.
However, the mechanisms involved in iga antiviral protection remain unclear. Hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome hfrs occurs mainly in europe and asia and is characterized by fever and renal failure associated with hemorrhagic manifestations. Hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome treatment. The hantavirus genus of the family bunyaviridae includes a number of rodentborne viruses that can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps. Vaccination against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs has been applied successfully for more than 20 years in china, and since 2008, the government has implemented the expanded program of immunization epi in regions with high incidence. Depending upon which virus is causing the hfrs, death occurs in less than 1% to as many as 15% of.
Pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus infection and mode of horizontal transmission of hantavirus in bank voles irena n. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is caused by members of the rna virus family bunyaviridae in the genus hantavirus. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome pathology britannica. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome caused by 2 lineages of. Viral hemorrhagic fever diagnostics clinical infectious. The characteristics of current natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with. Dentin matrix protein 1 correlates with the severity of.
This means that besides hemorrhaging, these viruses can also cause kidney, or renal. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs is a disease caused by viruses of the family bunyaviridae, genus hantavirus. Tickborne encephalitis tbe venezuelan hemorrhagic fever. Spatiotemporal dynamics of hemorrhagic fever with renal. Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is listed as a rare disease by the office of rare diseases ord of the national institutes of health nih. These include the ebola and marburg, lassa fever, and yellow fever viruses. Other articles where hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is discussed.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome hps and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome hfrs are illnesses associated with the hantavirus. For example, arenaviridae cause lassa fever lassa virus, argentine hemorrhagic fever junin virus, and bolivian hemorrhagic fever machupo virus. We obtained data of hfrs cases in guangzhou from the national notifiable disease report system nndrs during the period of 20062015. Hemorrhagic fever an overview sciencedirect topics. Hemorrhagic fever with renal failure syndrome clinical. Other symptoms vary by the type of viral hemorrhagic fever but often include fever, malaise, muscle aches, vomiting, and shock. Mar 12, 2020 viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of illnesses caused by four families of viruses. It is reported that the number of hfrs human cases in china. A fiveyear perspective on the situation of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and status of the hantavirus reservoirs in europe, 20052010.
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